Introduction to Altitude Medicine: Part Two

In part two of this lecture, we focus on the recognition and management of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), as well as other common medical conditions that can occur at high altitudes.

Liz discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and treatment options for HAPE, including the use of nifedipine, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and portable hyperbaric chambers.

The lecture also covers high altitude sleep disorders, headaches, retinal haemorrhages, snow blindness, and altitude-related cough and bronchitis. Practical tips for prevention and symptomatic management of these conditions are provided. The lecture emphasises the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis and the “high altitude quintet” when evaluating patients at high altitude.

More Information

Length: 24m

Categories: Lectures

Intended Learning Outcomes

By the end of this lecture, participants should be able to:

1. Describe the pathophysiology and risk factors for the development of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).

2. Recognise the clinical presentation of HAPE and discuss appropriate management strategies, including descent, supplemental oxygen, nifedipine, and portable hyperbaric chambers.

3. Compare and contrast the use of nifedipine and phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of HAPE.

4. Discuss the recommendations for safe re-ascent following an episode of acute mountain sickness (AMS) or HAPE.

5. Identify common sleep disorders at high altitude, such as periodic breathing, and describe the use of acetazolamide for treatment.

6. Recognise and manage other high altitude-related conditions, including headache, retinal haemorrhages, snow blindness, and altitude-related cough and bronchitis.

7. Explain the concept of the “high altitude quintet” and the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis when evaluating patients at high altitude.